Japanese essentials
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たちどまる
to stop, to stand still
Verb
Kyuu ni michi de tachidomatte, kanojo no koe o kikoemashita.
Suddenly stopping on the road, I heard her voice.
Kono utsukushii fuukei o mite, tachidomatte kandou shita.
Seeing this beautiful scenery, I stopped and was deeply moved.
だく
to hold, to hug
Verb
Kare wa yume o idaite gaikoku e ryuugaku shita.
He went to study abroad with dreams in his heart.
Watashitachi wa shourai ni taisuru fuan o idaku koto ga yoku arimasu.
We often harbor anxiety about the future.
ふく
to wipe
Verb
Garasu o kirei ni nuguu tame ni, shinbunshi o tsukatte kudasai.
To wipe the glass clean, please use newspaper.
Kanojo wa ase o nuguu tame ni hankachi o tsukaimashita.
She used a handkerchief to wipe her sweat.
to move out of the way
Verb
Michi o dokete kudasai
Please clear the way.
Tsukue no ue no mono o dokenai to, shigoto ga dekimasen
If you don't clear the things off the desk, you won't be able to work.
こげる
to burn
Verb
Sakana ga kogeru no o fusegu tame ni, furaipan o teion ni tamochimashou
To prevent the fish from getting burnt, keep the frying pan at a low temperature.
Pan o yaku toki, kogeru koto ga nai you ni chuui shite kudasai
When baking bread, please be careful not to let it burn.
ねがう
to hope
Verb
Benkyou ga motto raku ni naru you ni negatte imasu
I wish studying would become easier.
Kanojo no shiawase o kokoro kara negatte imasu
I truly wish for her happiness.
to collect, to bring together
Verb
Jouhou o matomeru tame ni, nooto ni kakitomemashita
I wrote down the information in a notebook to organize it.
Kono purojekuto no kekka o matomete houkokusho o sakusei shimashou
Let's compile the results of this project and create a report.
さす
to stab
Verb
Kare wa hari de yubi o sashite shimatta
He accidentally pricked his finger with a needle.
Ka ni sasareta bubun ga kayui desu
The part where I was bitten by a mosquito is itchy.
かわかす
to dry
Verb
Sentakumono o kawakasu tame ni soto ni hosimasu
I hang the laundry outside to dry it.
Kami o hayaku kawakasu tame ni doraiyā o tsukau
I use a hair dryer to dry my hair quickly.
うらがえす
to turn over
Verb
Kare wa shatsu o uragaeshite kite ita
He was wearing his shirt inside out.
Furaipan de hanbaagu o uragaeshite yaite kudasai
Please flip the hamburger in the frying pan and cook it.
くらべる
to compare
Verb
Jibun no shigoto no seika o hoka no hito to kuraberu koto wa sakemashou.
Avoid comparing your work results with others.
Kakaku o kuraberu tame ni, ikutsu ka no shoppu o chekku shimashita.
I checked several shops to compare prices.
たたかう
to fight
Verb
Anata wa donna konnan ni mo tachimukatte tatakau beki da.
You should fight against any difficulties.
Kono chiimu to tatakau koto wa, watashitachi ni totte ooki na chousen desu.
Fighting against this team is a big challenge for us.
しく
to spread, to lay
Verb
Zabuton o tatami no ue ni shikita
I laid the cushion on the tatami mat.
Atarashii shiitsu o beddo ni shiku
I lay the new sheet on the bed.
ちかよる
to approach
Verb
Watashi wa inu ni chikayorou to shita ga, hoerarete shimatta
I tried to get close to the dog, but it barked at me.
Kiken na basho ni wa chikayoranai hou ga ii desu
It's better not to get close to dangerous places.
みる
to examine (medically)
Verb
Tomodachi ga byouki sou dakara, sugu ni isha ni mite moratta hou ga ii.
My friend seems sick, so it's better to get a doctor to check them right away.
Kono itami ga hidoi node, dekiru dake hayaku isha ni mite moraitai.
This pain is terrible, so I want to see a doctor as soon as possible.
ぬく
pull out
Verb
Saigo no chokusen de kare o nuida
I passed him on the final straight.
Kanojo wa mondai-bun no juuyou na bubun o nukidashite memo shita
She extracted the important parts of the problem statement and took notes.
ゆずる
to give, to transfer
Verb
Kare wa kuruma o watashi ni yuzurimashita
He transferred the car to me.
Chichi wa watashi ni shigoto o yuzuru koto ni shita
My father decided to pass on his work to me.
たずねる
to visit
Verb
Tomodachi no ie o tazuneru tame ni, densha de itta.
I took a train to visit my friend's house.
Sekaijuu no yuumei na kankouchi o tazuneru no ga yume desu.
My dream is to visit famous tourist spots around the world.
むすぶ
to tie
Verb
Karera wa yuujou o musubu koto ni natta
They formed a friendship.
Futari wa kekkon no chikai o musubimashita
The two of them made a marriage vow.
おちつく
to be calm
Verb
Heya no naka de ochitsuite, sukina ongaku o kiita
I calmed down in my room and listened to my favorite music.
Shigoto ga owatta ato, kafe de ochitsuite kouhii o nonda
After finishing work, I relaxed at a cafe and drank a coffee.
かこむ
to surround
Verb
Niwa ni wa kigi de kakomareta ike ga aru.
There is a pond in the garden surrounded by trees.
Tomodachi ni tanjoubi o iwatte moratte, kakomareta kimochi ga yokatta.
It felt great to be surrounded by friends celebrating my birthday.
とりあげる
to take up
Verb
Konkai no kaigi de wa, atarashii purojekuto no teian o toriagemasu
In this meeting, we will address the proposal for a new project.
Sono mondai wa, tsugi no jugyou de toriageru yotei desu
We are planning to address that issue in the next class.
とりだす
to take out
Verb
Saifu kara okane o toridasu.
Take out money from the wallet.
Denwa ga nattanode, baggu kara sumaho o toridashita.
When the phone rang, I took out my smartphone from my bag.
to shake, to sway
Verb
Jishin de ie ga yureru.
The house shakes during an earthquake.
Densha ga ugokidasu to, karada ga karuku yureru.
When the train starts moving, the body sways slightly.
あわせる
to combine, to sum up
Verb
Oto o awasete uta o utaimashou
Let's sing a song by matching the sound.
Sukejuuru o awaseru tame, tagai no tsugou o kakunin shimashou
Let's check each other's availability to match our schedules.
かたまる
to harden, to solidify
Verb
Sakuban, yuki ga futte jimen ga katamari mashita.
Last night, it snowed and the ground became solid.
Kare no iken wa yoku katamatte iru.
His opinions are well-formed.
ながれる
to flow
Verb
Kawa no mizu ga shizuka ni nagareru.
The river water flows quietly.
Namida ga poro poro to nagareru.
Tears flow down one's cheeks.
わる
to divide, to break
Verb
Kēki o minna ni kintō ni waru
Divide the cake equally among everyone.
Tomodachi to gaishokudai o futari de seihan shite waru koto ni shimashita
We decided to split the dining out cost in half with my friend.
あまる
to be left over
Verb
Shokuji ga takusan amatte shimatta.
A lot of food was left over.
Paatii no ato de takusan no keeki ga amarimashita.
After the party, a lot of cake was left over.
たずねる
to ask
Verb
Kanojo ni michi o tazunemashita.
I asked her for directions.
Sensei ni shitsumon o tazuneru koto ga dekimashita.
I was able to ask the teacher a question.
to bark
Verb
Inu ga hoete iru
The dog is barking.
Kaiinu ga tsuukounin ni mukatte hoeta
The pet dog barked at a passerby.
にぎる
to hold, to grasp
Verb
Kare wa watashi no te o shikkari to nigitta.
He firmly grasped my hand.
Kono biru o nigiru kagi ga hitsuyou desu.
I need the key to grasp this building.
to be disappointed
Verb
Shiken no kekka o mite gakkari shita
I was disappointed when I saw the test results.
Kanojo no taido ni gakkari shita
I was disappointed by her attitude.
さめる
to wake up
Verb
Neboketa atama ga sukoshi sameru teido ni tsumetai mizu o kao ni kaketa
I splashed cold water on my face to wake up my sleepy head a bit.
Asa hayaku me ga sameru to, tori no utagoe ga kikoeru
When I wake up early in the morning, I can hear the birds singing.
to put away
Verb
Ukkari kagi o ie no naka ni oite shimatta
I accidentally left the keys inside the house.
Denwa o kakeru mae ni, ayamatte denwa bango o keshite shimaimashita
Before making a call, I accidentally deleted the phone number.
たしかめる
to confirm, to make sure
Verb
Jouhou ga tadashii ka douka o tashikameru hitsuyou ga aru.
We need to confirm whether the information is correct or not.
Yoyaku ga kanryou shita ka douka o tashikameru tame ni, meeru o chekku shimashita.
I checked the email to confirm whether the reservation was completed or not.
はなしあう
to talk, to discuss
Verb
Fuufu de shourai no keikaku o hanashiautta
The couple discussed their future plans together.
Chiimumenbaa de aidea o hanashiai mashou
Let's discuss ideas with the team members.
to fall ill, to catch (illness)
Verb
Kono shigoto ni wa jikan ga kakaru darou
This work will probably take time.
Kare no byouki wa kaze ni kakaru no de wa nai ka to omowareru
It is thought that he might have caught a cold.
さそう
to invite
Verb
Tomodachi ga eiga ni sasotte kuremashita
My friend invited me to a movie.
Haha wa watashi o kaimono ni sasoimashita
My mother invited me to go shopping.
おくる
to present
Verb
Tomodachi ni purezento o okuru no ga tanoshii desu.
It is fun to give presents to friends.
Ryoushin ni kansha no kimochi o komete hana o okurimashita.
I sent flowers to my parents with feelings of gratitude.
くりかえす
to repeat
Verb
Kare wa onaji shitsumon o nando mo kurikaeshimashita
He repeated the same question several times.
Kono rekiteki na jiken wa nidoto kurikaeshite wa ikenai
This historical incident must not be repeated again.
ひっぱる
to pull, to drag
Verb
Michi ni mayotta node, tomodachi ni te o hipparatte moratta
I got lost, so my friend pulled me by the hand.
Kare wa chiimu o hipparu riidaa da
He is the leader who pulls the team together.
たすける
to rescue, to help
Verb
Sono koneko wa ki kara orirarezu, boku wa tasukeru koto ni shita
The kitten couldn't get down from the tree, so I decided to help it.
Kanojo wa michi ni mayotte ita node, tadashii houkou e tasukeru koto ni shita
She was lost, so I decided to help her find the right direction.
つきあう
to associate with, to go out/steady with
Verb
Kanojo to tsukiau koto ni natta
I started dating her.
Tomodachi to tsukiatte eiga o mi ni itta
I went to see a movie with my friends.
ころがる
to roll over/around
Verb
Tama ga sakamichi o korogatte iru.
The ball is rolling down the hill.
Kare wa yuka ni korogatte ita hon o hirotta.
He picked up the book that was lying on the floor.
おもいつく
to hit upon an idea
Verb
Omoitsuita aidea o memo ni kakitometa.
I wrote down the idea that came to mind.
Kyuu ni subarashii aidea ga omoitsuita.
I suddenly came up with a great idea.
あたためる
to warm, to heat
Verb
Suupu o sukoshi atatamete kudasai
Please warm up the soup a little.
Kanojo wa hieta te o atatameru tame ni tebukuro o hameta
She put on gloves to warm her cold hands.
ふるえる
to shiver, to tremble
Verb
Samusa de karada ga furueru.
My body shivers because of the cold.
Kowasa ni koe ga furueru.
My voice trembles with fear.
すぎる
to pass
Verb
Jikan ga sugiru no wa hayai mono desu
Time passes quickly.
Kibishi sugiru kotoba wa hito o kizutsukeru koto ga arimasu
Words that are too harsh can hurt people.
そなえる
to prepare
Verb
Jishin ni sonaeru tame ni, hijou-bukuro o youi shite oku beki desu
In preparation for an earthquake, you should have an emergency bag ready.
Shourai no byouki ya kega ni sonaete, hoken ni kanyuu shite oku koto ga taisetsu desu
It is important to join insurance in preparation for future illnesses or injuries.
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