Japanese essentials
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たすける
to help, to save, to rescue
Verb
Sono ko ga ochite shimau mae ni kanojo o tasukeru koto ga dekita
I was able to help her before she fell.
Kare wa minna ga komatte iru toki, itsumo tasukeru junbi ga dekite iru
He is always ready to help when everyone is in trouble.
いう
to say, to tell
Verb
Kanojo wa kare ni aishiteru to itta
She told him that she loves him.
Kare wa yarubeki koto o wakatte iru ga, kantan ni iu koto wa dekinai
He knows what needs to be done, but he can't just say it easily.
はれる
to swell
Verb
Ashi ga hareru to itai
My leg is swollen and painful.
Mushisasa re de kao ga harete shimatta
My face swelled up from an insect bite.
さける
to avoid, to keep away from
Verb
Kare wa koutsuu jiko o sakeru tame ni kyuu bureeki o kaketa.
He applied the emergency brake to avoid a traffic accident.
Dekiru dake mondai o sakeru you ni shimashou.
Let's try to avoid problems as much as possible.
つづく
to continue, to last, to lead to, to follow
Verb
Sono michi wa hateshinaku tsuzuku
The road continues endlessly.
Eiga wa dai ni bu ni tsuzuku
The movie continues onto the second part.
のむ
to drink, to hold one's breath
Verb
Mizu o nomu koto de, karada no suibun o hokyuu shimashou
Drinking water helps replenish the body's fluids.
Kare wa mainichi koohii o ni-hai nomu no ga shuukan desu
It is his habit to drink two cups of coffee every day.
あてる
to address to
Verb
Ateru hito ga ooku te bikkuri shimashita
I was surprised that there were many people who guessed correctly.
Shitsumon ni seikaku ni kotae o ateru no wa muzukashii
It is difficult to accurately guess the answer to a question.
すてる
to throw away, to abandon, to desert
Verb
Kare wa furui fuku o suteru koto ni shita
He decided to throw away his old clothes.
Gomi o tekisetsu na basho ni suteru beki desu
You should throw away garbage in the appropriate place.
しる
to know, to become aware of, to become familiar with
Verb
Kanojo wa sono jijitsu o shiranakatta.
She didn't know that fact.
Watashitachi wa atarashii bunka o shiru koto ga taisetsu da.
It is important for us to learn about new cultures.
もとめる
to demand, to ask, to seek, to buy
Verb
Shiawase o motomeru no wa dare mo ga motte iru negai desu.
Seeking happiness is a wish that everyone has.
Joushi wa buka ni takai mokuhyou o motomemashita.
The boss demanded high goals from his subordinates.
こわす
to break, to destroy, to injure
Verb
Kare wa ukkari garasu o kowashite shimatta.
He accidentally broke the glass.
Ki o tsukete kudasai. Kabe ni aru e o kowasanai you ni.
Please be careful not to break the painting on the wall.
つく
to be lighted
Verb
Eki ni tsuku no ni juu pun kakarimasu
It takes 10 minutes to arrive at the station.
Kono tatemono wa saijuunen mae ni tatte tsukimashita
This building was built 10 years ago.
とめる
to stop, to park
Verb
Kusuri no shiyou o yameru beki desu
You should stop using the medicine.
Sono ongaku o tomete kudasai
Please stop that music.
する
to do, to make, to have a value, to cost
Verb
Souji o suru koto ga taisetsu desu
It's important to clean.
Ashita wa supōtsu o suru yotei desu
I'm planning to do sports tomorrow.
くもる
to become cloudy, to be gloomy
Verb
Sora ga kumotte, ame ga furisou da.
The sky is cloudy, and it looks like it's going to rain.
Tenki yohou ni yoru to, ashita wa kumorigachi da.
According to the weather forecast, tomorrow will be mostly cloudy.
とまる
to fasten
Verb
Kare wa sono shigoto ni todomaru koto ni kimeta
He decided to stay in that job.
Kekka ni todomarazu, doryoku no katei mo hyouka sareru beki desu
Not only the results, but also the process of effort should be evaluated.
おちる
to fall, to come off
Verb
Ringo ga ki kara ochita.
The apple fell from the tree.
Kyou, hashi no ue kara saifu ga ochita.
Today, my wallet fell from the bridge.
はやる
to be in fashion, to be popular, to prevail
Verb
Kono haru wa, pinku no shatsu ga hayatte iru
This spring, pink shirts are fashionable.
Saikin, kenkou shokuhin ga hayatte iru ne
Recently, healthy food products are becoming popular.
うる
to sell
Verb
Kono mise de wa shinsen na yasai o utteimasu.
This store sells fresh vegetables.
Kare wa furugi o uru tame ni furii maaketto ni shutsuten shita.
He set up a booth at the flea market to sell old clothes.
こす
to cross, to go over, to go through
Verb
Kare wa yama o kosu tame ni sou chou kara dekaketa.
He left early in the morning to cross the mountain.
Sono kawa o kosu niwa hashi o wataru hitsuyou ga arimasu.
You need to cross the bridge to get across that river.
すく
to become empty, to be not crowded
Verb
Supuun de sukutte taberu
Scoop and eat with a spoon.
Kare wa mizu o tede sukutte nonda
He scooped water with his hands and drank it.
まかせる
to entrust to, to leave to
Verb
Kare ni shigoto o makaseru no wa anshin dekiru.
I can feel at ease leaving work to him.
Kanojo ni ryouri o makaseru koto ni shita.
I decided to leave the cooking to her.
のる
to ride, to participate, to be fooled
Verb
Kyou wa basu ni noru koto ni shita.
I decided to take the bus today.
Densha ni noru mae ni kippu o kawanakereba narimasen.
You need to buy a ticket before getting on the train.
おす
to push, to press, to stamp
Verb
Doa o osu to, heya no naka ga mieru.
When you push the door, you can see inside the room.
Kare wa erebētā no botan o oshite matta.
He pushed the elevator button and waited.
もうかる
to make a profit, to be lucky
Verb
Kono bijinesu wa moukaru darou
This business will probably be profitable.
Kare no kaisha wa kekkou moukatte iru
His company is doing quite well and being profitable.
のぞく
to leave out, to omit
Verb
Sono risuto kara kare wo nozoku beki desu.
He should be excluded from that list.
Watashitachi wa sono mondai o nozoite hanashiaimashita.
We discussed everything except for that issue.
ふくむ
to contain, to include, to hold something in the mouth
Verb
Kono risuto ni wa subete no koumoku ga fukumarete imasu
This list includes all the items.
Kare no hanashi ni wa ikutsu ka no gokai ga fukumarete ita
His story contained several misunderstandings.
ころす
to kill, to murder
Verb
Kare wa doubutsu o korosu koto ga dekinai
He cannot kill animals.
Kare wa hanzaisha ni kazoku o korosareta
His family was killed by the criminal.
のぼる
to go up
Verb
Kaidan o noboru no ni iki ga kireta
I ran out of breath climbing the stairs.
Yama o noboru tochuu de keshiki o tanoshinda
I enjoyed the scenery while climbing the mountain.
こまる
to be in trouble, to be in a fix, to be at a loss
Verb
Konna muzukashii mondai de komatte shimatta
I got troubled by such a difficult problem.
Kare no taido ni wa hontou ni komaru
I am really bothered by his attitude.
とめる
to fasten, to fix, to attach to
Verb
Kanshin o todomeru beki wadai ga aru.
There is a topic that should hold your interest.
Kanojo wa kare no kokoro o todomeru koto ga dekita.
She was able to capture his heart.
すく
to like
Verb
Kare wa kanojo ga suku te shikatanai.
He is infatuated with her and can't help it.
Sono kyoku ga suku te, nan kai mo kikitaku naru.
I like that song so much, I want to listen to it many times.
ぬぐ
to take off clothes
Verb
Kare wa kitaku shite sugu ni uwagi o nuida.
He took off his jacket as soon as he got home.
Watashitachi wa umi ni hairu mae ni kutsu o nuida.
We took off our shoes before going into the sea.
まわる
to turn around, to go around
Verb
Chikyuu wa taiyou no mawari o mawaru
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Maishuu, shimbun haitatsuin wa watashitachi no ie no mawari o mawaru
Every week, the newspaper delivery person goes around our house.
あらわす
to write
Verb
Kare wa ooku no chomeina hon o arawashite iru.
He has authored many well-known books.
Sono sakka wa rekishi ni kansuru hon o arawasu koto de yuumei da.
The author is famous for writing books about history.
まける
to be defeated, to lose
Verb
Shiai ni makeru no wa zannen datta
It was disappointing to lose the match.
Benkyou de makeru ki ga shinakatta
I didn't feel like losing in my studies.
おとす
to drop, to remove, to lose
Verb
Kare wa pen o yuka ni otoshita.
He dropped the pen on the floor.
Saifu o otoshite shimai, taihen komarimashita.
I dropped my wallet and was in great trouble.
はしる
to run
Verb
Kare wa maiasa kouen de hashiru shuukan ga aru.
He has a habit of running in the park every morning.
Douro ga kootte iru node, hashiru no ni chuui ga hitsuyou desu.
The roads are icy, so caution is needed when running.
なおる
to recover, to get well
Verb
Kono kusuri o nomeba, kaze ga naoru deshou
If you take this medicine, your cold will likely get better.
Shujutsu go, sugu ni wa kizu ga naoranai
The wound will not heal immediately after the surgery.
のこる
to remain, to be left
Verb
Kono purojekuto de wa, mada ōku no kadai ga nokotte iru.
In this project, there are still many issues remaining.
Kare wa, paatii ga owatta ato mo nokotte katazuke o tetsudatta.
He stayed after the party was over and helped with the cleaning.
えらぶ
to choose, to decide on, to elect
Verb
Watashi wa menyuu kara ryouri o erabu no ga muzukashii desu
It's difficult for me to choose a dish from the menu.
Ashita no koodeineeto o konban erabu beki desu
I should choose my outfit for tomorrow tonight.
うつる
to photograph
Verb
Shashin ni umaku utsuranakatta
I didn't come out well in the photo.
Kono kamera wa kurai basho demo yoku utsuru
This camera captures images well even in dark places.
つかまえる
to catch, to take hold of, to arrest
Verb
Hannin o tsukamaeru tame ni, keisatsu ga tehai o kakemashita.
The police issued a wanted notice to catch the criminal.
Kare wa, nigeru neko o tsukamaeyou to shimashita.
He tried to catch the fleeing cat.
きく
to hear, to listen, to ask
Verb
Kare no hanashi o chūibukaku kiite kudasai
Please listen carefully to what he has to say.
Kanojo wa rajio o kiku no ga suki da
She likes to listen to the radio.
ならぶ
to stand in line, to equal
Verb
Hitobito ga retsu ni narande matteiru
People are waiting in line.
Sono honya de wa ooku no hon ga kabe ni narande iru
In that bookstore, many books are lined up on the wall.
まわす
to turn, to pass round, to send on
Verb
Kare wa pen o yubi de kuru kuru mawasu kuse ga aru.
He has a habit of twirling his pen with his fingers.
Supiikaa no onryou o sukoshi mawashite kudasai.
Please turn up the speaker's volume a little.
まちがう
to make a mistake
Verb
Machigau koto wa dare ni demo aru.
Everyone makes mistakes.
Kare wa shitsumon no kotae o machigaete shimatta.
He got the answer to the question wrong.
さす
to point to, to call on
Verb
Sono tatemono o sasu kare no te ni kizuita
I noticed his hand pointing to that building.
Kare wa watashi ni houkou o sashite kuremashita
He pointed out the direction to me.
とれる
to come off, to be able to catch
Verb
Kare wa shiken ni kantan ni goukaku dekiru to omotte iru ga, dore dake benkyou sureba takatokuten ga toreru ka wakaranai.
He thinks he can easily pass the exam, but he doesn't know how much studying is required to get a high score.
Kinnikutsuu ga toreru made yasumu koto ga nozomashii.
It is preferable to rest until the muscle pain goes away.
うたがう
to doubt, to suspect
Verb
Kare no kotoba o utagau riyuu ga nai
There is no reason to doubt his words.
Kanojo wa kare no seii o utagau koto wa arimasen deshita
She never doubted his sincerity.
きめる
to decide, to fix, to choose
Verb
Shuumatsu no yotei o kimeru hitsuyou ga aru.
We need to decide on our weekend plans.
Kare wa shigoto o yameru ka dou ka mada kimete inai.
He hasn't decided yet whether to quit his job or not.
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